Respiratory diseases are common in children. Nebulizer inhalation therapy is a common method of drug delivery for the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases. A nebulizer can be used to transform drugs into tiny aerosol particles that are inhaled through the mouth and nose into the respiratory tract and lungs. Nebulizer inhalation therapy is suitable for a wide range of people, including infants and children with severe diseases.
I. Classification of nebulizer
According to the use of different scenarios, nebulizer can be divided into medical and household two. Among them, medical nebulizer structure is more complex, higher performance requirements, a wider range of indications; home nebulizer is relatively more compact, easy to carry, relatively simple function.
According to the different atomization principles, nebulizer can be divided into jet nebulizer (also known as jet nebulizer), ultrasonic nebulizer and vibration sieve nebulizer three.
Clinically, jet nebulizers (such as oxygen-driven nebulizers) are more commonly used. Patients can inhale oxygen while using this type of nebulizer to inhale drugs, thus effectively relieving the symptoms of hypoxia.
Second, the purchase and use of precautions
Nebulizer belongs to the second category of medical devices. Consumers should choose and buy nebulizers in the formal channels. When buying nebulizer products should pay attention to check whether the Chinese label is clearly marked with the product name, specifications, medical device registration number, production date and expiration date and other information.
When using a nebulizer to administer nebulizer inhalation therapy to children, you should follow the product instructions for proper operation. It should be noted that the cognitive level and cooperation ability of children will affect the effect of nebulizer inhalation. For children under 3 years of age, a mask-type nebulizer inhaler should be used. This type of nebulizer device usually does not require the child's deliberate cooperation with the treatment, and the nebulizer treatment can be completed while the child is awake or sleeping in a quiet state; for older children, a mouthpiece-type nebulizer or an adult-specific nebulizer can be used. Specifically, the following points should be noted during nebulizer treatment for children.
Before receiving nebulizer treatment, older children and infants should not eat for 1 hour and 0.5 hours before treatment, respectively; do not apply oily facial ointment on the face to avoid contamination of the facial skin with medication; rinse the mouth and try to remove secretions and food residues from the mouth.
Doctors or parents should help the child to take a comfortable position, try to take a sitting or semi-sitting position, so that the nebulizer and the horizontal plane to keep vertical, in order to play a better spray effect, and to avoid spilling the drug; teach the child the correct inhalation method, do deep inhalation, so that the drug fully reaches the bronchi and lungs; the concentration of the inhaled drug is not too large, the inhalation speed should be slow to fast, the nebulized volume should be small to large, so that the child gradually adapt to it. Avoid getting the drug into the eyes; if the child has a violent cough, suspend the nebulized inhalation and wait for the cough symptoms to be relieved before nebulized inhalation.