The fabrics used in surgical gowns belong to medical shielding fabrics, mainly focusing on the barrier (barrier) performance. Barrier performance includes the performance of preventing the penetration of liquids and microorganisms. Medical personnel in the medical rescue, will inevitably come into contact with the patient's blood and body fluids, the patient's blood and body fluids may often carry HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) and HIV (AIDS virus) and other pathogens.

Surgical gowns should also be neat and clean in wear and use, not easy to produce fluff or dust, because the surface of the surgical gowns fall off the lint, particles, etc. are easy to carry pathogens, the patient's safety hazards; at the same time, the evaluation of the protective performance of surgical gowns should be taken into account in the fabric's tensile strength and abrasion resistance.

Surgical gowns are mainly categorized into reusable gowns and disposable gowns according to their use. Reusable surgical gowns are mainly made of ordinary cotton fabrics, high-density polyester fabrics and PE, TPU, PTFE multi-layer laminated film composite surgical gowns. Disposable surgical gowns are mainly SMS\SMMS surgical gowns, SMS or SMMS non-woven surgical gowns, reinforcing sheet for non-woven composite materials.

The performance of surgical gowns mainly includes: barrier performance, and comfort performance.

At present, more than 90% of all medical institutions in China use cotton surgical gowns, but the requirements for surgical gowns in western countries have taken the protection and sensory control as the main normative focus, reducing the use of cotton surgical gowns.