A prolapsed stoma is a prolapse of the intestinal collaterals out of the stoma, which can range from a few centimeters to more than 20 centimeters in length. Prolapse can occur in single lumen stoma or collagen stoma, in colostomy, ileostomy and urostomy. However, on the whole, it mostly occurs in the transverse colon collateral stoma, and the prolapsed intestinal segments are mostly the distal intestinal collaterals of the intestinal stoma.

Surgical causes
Failure to properly fix the pulled-out bowel to the abdominal wall during the formation of the stoma, excessive opening of the abdominal wall musculature, etc.

Surgical treatment
Surgery is required in severe cases where repeated retractions are ineffective. The prolapsed bowel segment is resected and the stoma is reconstructed in a suitable location. Patients with prolapsed mesenteric stoma should undergo emergency surgery if there is intestinal torsion, obstruction or even ischemic necrosis.

Preventive measures
Preoperative localization of enterostomy
Prevention should be the mainstay of enterostomy prolapse. Before enterostomy surgery, make adequate preoperative preparation, select the appropriate position for enterostomy positioning, and position the enterostomy on the rectus abdominis muscle as far as possible.

Avoidance of factors leading to increased abdominal pressure
Avoid reducing heavy lifting and exercises that contract abdominal pressure; symptoms such as chronic cough, long-term constipation, and difficulty in defecation should be emphasized and actively treated; press the colostomy site with hands when coughing or sneezing.

Lap-band decompression
Those with weak abdominal wall muscles should use lap band or corset to support and fix them.