These foreign bodies are compatible with human tissue under sterile conditions. Once infection occurs, they become foreign bodies that are incompatible with human tissue. If not removed, the infection is difficult to cure. If removed it will lead to limb deformity and is very difficult to handle.

Because there are still bacteria left in the local bone tissue, it takes a long time for the body to completely destroy these bacteria, and it takes 3 months to wait for another surgery after the healing of a general surgical infection wound, while the traditional convention in orthopedics is to wait 1 year.

The reason is that although the wound has healed, reoperation can spread the bacteria that have not been completely eliminated, so that the infection will rekindle and the operation will fail again. For these reasons, orthopedic surgery requires a higher level of aseptic technique.

Wearing surgical gowns and gloves
At present, most hospitals use dry gloves sterilized by autoclaving, and only a few use wet gloves soaked in disinfectant. If dry gloves are used, surgical gown should be worn first, followed by gloves; if wet gloves are used, gloves should be worn first, followed by surgical gown.

1. Put on the sterile surgical gown: Gently shake the gown open, lift the two corners of the collar, and pay attention not to turn the outside of the gown towards yourself or touch other objects or the ground. Insert both hands into the sleeves and extend both arms forward to allow others to assist in putting on the gown. Finally, cross your arms and lift the belt and pass it backwards, still having someone else fasten the belt behind you.

(1) Receive with both hands the surgical gown handed to you by the nurse who has washed her hands.
(2) Lift both ends of the collar and shake open the entire garment without touching others or objects.
(3) Extend both hands outside the cuffs.
(4) The nurse assists in putting on the surgical gown neatly from inside the surgical gown behind him/her.
(5) After ligating the small band on the back of the surgical gown behind the surgeon, the nurse lifts the long lumbar belt handed by the surgeon and ligates it behind him/her.
At present, foreign countries and some hospitals in China have used disposable surgical gowns, and the surgeon's back is also a sterile area after wearing this kind of surgical gown.

2. Wearing sterile gloves: hands without sterile gloves are only allowed to touch the part of the glove set mouth folded outward, and should not touch the outside of the glove.
1) Wear dry gloves method.
Take out the glove clip inside the sterile talcum powder package, gently dressing and rubbing hands to make it dry and smooth. With the left hand from the glove clip pinch the glove mouth of the folding part, the glove will be removed. Insert the right hand into the right glove first, taking care not to touch the outside of the glove; then insert the right finger of the gloved hand into the folded part of the left glove to help insert the left hand into the glove. Do not touch the skin of the left hand with the right hand that is already wearing the glove. Turn the folded part of the glove back over the surgical gown cuff and rinse the talcum powder from the outside of the glove with sterile saline.

At present, foreign and some large hospitals in China have implemented the method of wearing gloves by the stage nurse for the operator and the assistant, the method is as follows: first of all, the stage nurse brushes her hands and dresses according to the above procedure, and then uses the method of wearing gloves without contact (the hand does not extend out of the cuff and wears gloves according to the above method).

Then, the nurse assisted the operator and the assistant to wear gloves, the nurse used both hands to extract the left hand glove outward folding part, so that the operator's five fingers are aligned with the glove's finger sleeve to reach in, both hands at the same time to hold the folding sleeve, the glove will be pulled in the direction of the forearm top, put on the left hand glove, pay attention not to touch the outside of the glove.

Subsequently, using the same method, the nurse on the stage reaches into the right glove and turns it outward inside the folded part, and then puts the glove on the operator's right hand in the same way after extraction. Be careful not to let the gloved left hand touch the skin of the right hand and wrist while wearing the gloves. The left or right hand is used to turn back the opposite glove's folded part and put it on the cuff.

(1) The first layer is made up of a small band behind the ligature garment of the traveling nurse.
(2) The second layer is ligated by the sterile hand washing nurse with a small lateral strap

Wearing dry gloves
(1) Open the glove bag and lift the left glove.
(2) Putting on the left hand glove.
(3) Holding up the right hand glove with the left hand that is wearing the glove.
(4) Putting on the right hand glove