Although it is simple, there are still many details involved.

01 - Principles of disinfection of contaminated wounds
Some forum users have posted questions about the disinfection of towels for colostomy iatrogenic surgery. Colostomy is a non-routine surgical field, and the order of disinfection of towels does vary.

An abdominal surgical incision with a stoma is a Class III surgical incision, and the important cause of incisional infection is the exposure of the stoma and the possibility of intraoperative spillage of intestinal contents, which can contaminate the abdominal cavity and the incision during surgery, so the preoperative disinfection of the stoma is important for the prevention of incisional infection in this type of surgery.

02 - Order of spreading towels for contaminated wounds
Some people struggle with the order of spreading the towel, which one should prevail. Some say "down-far-up-near", some say "down-up-far-near", and some say "near-far-down-upper".

It is also stated in the surgical towel spreading guidelines that the principle of staining first and then cleanliness should be followed, the same as the order of surgical towel spreading. The order of the 2nd and 3rd square towels is also not specified.

03 - How to spread the towel when wearing a surgical gown
After wearing a surgical gown and sterile gloves, many people believe that the near-side towel should be laid first to prevent the surgical gown from being contaminated.

Even after laying the towel on the near side, there is a theoretical possibility of contamination of the surgical gown in contact with the sterile towel, because the sterile towel needs to cover 4 or more layers to be considered a strictly sterile area.

04- Special wounds should be handled flexibly
For routine surgical procedures, it is easy to summarize the routine according to the location and length of the incision, and whether it is contaminated or not. The disinfection and towel laying process is basically much the same.

Lightweight items such as sterile film, gloves and foot covers can be used instead of sterile towels to gently wrap the foreign body. In short, to be very familiar with the sterile items in the operating room, when needed in order to take local materials, the best use.