Scalpel refers to a special knife consisting of a blade and a handle, used to cut human or animal body tissues, is an indispensable and important surgical tool in surgery. Here are five types of scalpels:
1、Ordinary scalpel
General scalpel including removable scalpel and fixed scalpel two types. Removable scalpel by the blade and the handle of two parts, is a can be mounted and dismounted blade of the scalpel, with the blade installed in the handle. The most commonly used removable scalpel handles are #3, #4, and #7. Removable scalpel blade has 15 small round blade, No. 10 medium round blade, No. 20 to 23 large round blade, No. 11 sharp blade, No. 12 sickle-shaped blade and other models.
2, high-frequency scalpel
High-frequency scalpel uses high-frequency alternating current to cut and stop bleeding through the thermal effect produced when high impedance biological tissues. Surgical electrode and biological tissue contact area is very small, so the current density is high, the current flows to the tissue through a point on the surgical electrode, generating heat within a limited range of the edge of the electrode, so that the cellular fluid in the tissue evaporates quickly to achieve the tissue is cut, or local high temperature cauterization of the knot obsessed with the role of coagulation and hemostasis.
3、Ultrasonic knife
Ultrasonic cutting hemostatic knife to 55.5kHz working frequency, the output from the head of the mechanical vibration, resulting in the flow of water within the tissue and vaporization, the tissue level is open or free. The tip of the knife comes into contact with tissue proteins and the protein hydrogen bonds are broken causing the proteins to denature and coagulate, thus sealing off the small vasculature. Ultrasonic knife on 3-5mm blood vessels hemostasis is very good, in many hospitals, the application of ultrasonic knife laparoscopic colorectal surgery almost no bleeding, very good. Ultrasonic knife can be widely used in gallbladder, breast, thyroid, colorectal, liver bed, spleen and other surgery.
4, argon knife
Argon knife includes high-frequency electric knife (unipolar cutting, unipolar coagulation, bipolar electrocoagulation) and argon beam coagulation function. The use of argon beam, argon nozzle from the tissue 1cm, pressurized vibration will start the radio frequency current (RF) to make argon ionization, the use of argon coaxial flow RF energy conduction to the target tissue. In the nozzle to the tissue site to see the ionization arc light, can be blown away at the same time the local body fluids, vapors, in the closest contact interface to produce about 100 ℃ junction dementia temperature, coagulation of trauma.
5、PK knife (plasma super pulse generator)
PK knife is similar to bipolar electrocoagulation, coagulation and cutting tissue through radiofrequency current, PK knife is suitable for open surgery, endoscopic surgery and laparoscopic surgery in soft tissue cutting and coagulation.