The performance of gowns is tested using consensus standards:
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F2407 is an umbrella document which describes testing for surgical gowns: tear resistance, seam strength, lint generation, evaporative resistance, and water vapor transmission.
①Tensile Strength: ASTM D5034, ASTM D1682
②Tear resistance: ASTM D5587(woven), ASTM D5587 (nonwoven), ASTM D1424
③Seam Strength: ASTM D751 (stretch woven or knit)
④Lint Generation (ISO 9073 Part 10)
⑤Water vapor transmission (breathability) ASTM F1868 Part B, ASTM D6701 (nonwoven), ASTM D737-75
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the Association of the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI): ANSI/AAMI PB70:2003 describes liquid barrier performance and classification of protective apparel and drapes intended for use in health care facilities.
Below is a table summarizing the ANSI/AAMI PB70 standard recognized by the FDA.